Explained in details Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Explained in details - Essay Example Moreover, researchers have pointed out sever limitations in the policy instruments which are used to regulate the financial markets. The current paper attempts to answer â€Å"why and how the world financial markets must be regulated to minimize the adverse effects of crisis to the world economy.† The specific objectives of the current study are (1) to assess the need for regulating the financial markets and (2) to propose an effective framework for managing the financial systems. For this purpose four selected research publications which are focused on â€Å"financial market regulations† are thoroughly reviewed in terms of the rational, mechanisms, limitations and risks presented in each study. Next in relation to the essence of the above studies, the management framework of the EU zone banking and financial crisis, 2008 is evaluated. Beginning of the Financial and Banking systems failure National Bank Act and state banking laws which were imposed after 1933 restricted the activities of commercial banks to specific geographic locations and heavily used Federal deposit insurance and Federal Reserve funding to protect the banking system against risk and uncertainty. The above financial markets were largely stable and fairly profitable however, there was limited space for evolving the system. Towards the late 1960s depositors and investors found the above financial system inefficient in providing their dynamic and complex needs. Development of a â€Å"shadow banking system† which integrates the traditional lending activities and capital markets activities began during the early 1970s. Shadow baking system heavily adopted â€Å"securitization and derivative instruments† in place of real money. Traditional linkage between the depositors and commercial banks in lending activities largely deteriorated in shadow banking system. Recent financial crisis is viewed as an after math of exploding the above system (Tarullo, 2012). Organization of the Report Part 1 of this paper describes the characteristics of the financial markets, need for regulating and regulatory mechanisms used by the governments. This section of the paper is largely based on â€Å"Regulation of Banking and Financial Markets† by Dirk Heremans (1999) and â€Å"Regulatory Reform since the Financial Crisis† by Daniel Tarullo (2012). In the part 2, limitations and risks of regulating the world financial markets are described by using the â€Å"A crisis of Politics, Not Economics: Complexity, Ignorance, and Policy Failure† study by Jeffrey Friedman (2009) and â€Å"The Bailout through a Public Choice Lens: Government-Controlled Corporations as a Mechanism for Rent Transfer† study by J.W. Verret (2010). Part 3 contains implications of the above arguments in relation to the real world scenarios. Finally, the conclusions drawn from the literature review and examining the real world case scenarios are outlined in â€Å"Conclusions.â €  Part 1 Characteristics of Financial Markets and the Need for Regulating According to Dirk Heremans, 1999, financial markets are imperfect and contain â€Å"unique† characteristics (i.e. risk & uncertainty, information asymmetry, heard behavior and influence on money circulation) which demand systematic government intervening (pp 953). Risk and uncertainty in the financial mar

The USA Foreign Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The USA Foreign Policy - Essay Example According to Chomsky, an object of preventive attack should meet following requirements: 1. Should be practically defenseless. 2. Should be significant enough to unleash a conflict. 3. There should be an opportunity to represent it as an embodiment of real threat for safety. Iraq met all these parameters. First two requirements were obvious, and the third one was easily achievable. 5. What were the consequences of the "Open Door" policy for Venezuela In the book Noam Chomsky writes, that the "Open Door" policy and free trade has been formulated in format of exert pressure upon Venezuela in order not to allow any partner relations with the Great Britain, thus continuing to defend and strengthen the right of the USA to oil development in the Near East. By 1928 Venezuela has become one of the main exporters of oil, and all oil-fields have been supervised by the American companies. Such policy has led to that by 2003 Venezuela represented the country with record parameters of poverty of the population, and its potential and resources have been directed for the sake of interests of foreign investors, instead of own citizens. 6. What are the main purposes of the government of the USA according to Chomsky Chomsky states that the Government of the USA tries to take advantage of a situation to promote in realization of its own purposes: militarization, including militarization of space, a code name of which is "anti-missile defense"; reduction of social democratic programs; veiling of negative consequences of "corporate globalization", polemics concerning the state of environment, health insurance, etc.;... Economic rise in China became one of the most important events in the world in the end of the last century. For last two decades the Chinese economy has increased five times, and incomes of the population twice. The total national product of this country has reached the American level, and by estimation of World Bank, in 2010 will come out on top in the world. The base of economic successes of China was the carried out in 1980 and 1990th years reforms. Reforms have released peasants and have allowed creating private enterprises. There was a transition of China to a market economy. Modernization of the country was promoted by the Confucian ethics of Chineses including respect for the seniors, to family values, a habit to diligent work. In case the present management of China will manage to prepare the successors interested in carrying out of market reforms and transformation of communistic order, China has real opportunities to achieve essential successes in the business of modernization of the country. By its sizes, population, which has reached almost 1300 million people, gaining in strength economy, and a huge thirst for knowledge and ancient culture, this Asian state has all the bases to be considered as a potential superpower of XXI century. We can hardly reckon that in the foreseeable future China will become the democratic state and will be practicing the western values. Most likely, the transformation of communistic society will lead to a reorientation of an authoritative regime, in which basis will lay nationalism and Confucian values.

Dr jekyll and mr hyde minor characters

Dr jekyll and mr hyde minor characters `Mr. Utterson is the narrator of the book, Utterson is a middle-aged lawyer, and a man in which all the characters confide throughout the novel. As an old friend of Jekyll, he recognizes the changes and strange occurrences of Jekyll and Hyde, and resolves to further investigate the relationship between the two men. He is perhaps the most circumspect, respected, and rational character in the book, and it is therefore significant that we view Hydes crimes and Jekylls hypocrisy through his observant, but generally sympathetic perspective. ` Dr. Lanyon, he is a famous doctor and Jekylls childhood friend. Also Mr. Uttersons close friend and he is the one who knows about Dr. Jekylls and Hydes secret. But how he knows that? Dr. Jekyll send a letter to Lanyon and in this letter there was some tasks to do for Lanyon for instance go my home, Poole will wait you with a carpenter and locksmith open my working rooms door, go inside, take the drawer that I told u where it is, go your home, wait for the man who I will send you at 12 o`clock and else Lanyon done whole of them and started to wait for the man that Jekyll will sent him. At 12 o`clock man is came they went inside of Lanyon`s house together Lanyon gave him the drawer and the man took some liquid and little drug dust he mixed both of them a green color appeared in tube that he use for mix them than he drunk it . What happened to the men, he changed to Jekyll. By this event Lanyon knew the secret between Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Mr. Enfield , Mr. Utterson`s relative and was a famous person in London. They were always making Sunday walks. On one of this Sunday when they were walking Enfield asked Utterson about a house with a black dusty door. Then he started to narrate something about this house. In this event there was a men who called, Mr. Hyde , when he was walking in a street he crushed a girl and didn`t care about it and continued to walk in his way by girl`s screams people came out from their homes and they catches the Hyde than they thread him with something and they force him to pay money for girl`s family and then Hyde came this house and brought a cheque from inside but on cheque there was Dr. Jekyll`s name on it and Enfield , other suspect from Hyde and they slept together with Hyde in one hotel. After day they went to bank and changed cheque to money. Also Enfield related the details about Mr. Hyde. Then they decided to dont talk about this again. Poole is the butler of Jekyll; he brings information about Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde also their unbelievable relation. One night when Mr. Utterson was sitting in this table and drinking his wine Poole is came they sat and talked about Dr. Jekyll. Poole told about what is going on in Jekyll house. He told that he never saw Dr. Jekyll face during a week, like he said Dr. Jekyll was sitting in his room without going outside and telling Poole that some drugs that Poole should buy from pharmacy and every time when Poole buys the drugs Jekyll told that this is not real go and find me the real one price is not important. And like Poole says Jellys hand writing, his voice and something else changed on him. He hoped that someone killed Jeklly and still hiding in his room. After Utterson and Poole went to Jeklly`s home and they broke the door of Jeklly`s working room and at that moment they saw the Hyde`s unloving body on the ground with a empty bottle next to him. By that Poole helped Mr. Utter son to solve the secret between Dr. Jeklly and Hyde. Carew, a well-known member of Parliament who is murdered by Hyde 2 . Carew was a famous man in London, the book. Hyde killed him by a hard stick in the middle of a street next to river. It was a misty night with fully silent street in London. There was a woman who was cleaning lady in one house she was looking outside from the window her seeing the Hyde when he was beating Carew with the stick. Then suddenly she faint against this terrible situation happening in street. When she gets up, she went to police to explain everything that she saw. When police came to the place that crime happened Hyde was disappeared but there were some pieces of stick that Hyde killed Carew with. From Carew`s pocket police found a letter headed by MR. UTTERSON. In the early morning police went Utterson`s house and when Utterson heard the Hyde`s name she was almost going to be crazy. Utterson helped to police for find Hyde they went Hyde`s house but Hyde wasnt at home a women opened the door police and Utterson went in and they found a stick piece which was the same type of stick that police found in the crime street. And a cheque book which was in the chimney half burned book. Than police start waited for Hyde to go bank and try to change cheque to money†¦ Conclusion: In the essay Mr. Enfield was Utterson`s relation and the starting point of Hyde search from Utterson`s side. Dr. Lanyon was the men who knows Jeklly`s and Hyde`s secret and due to this he killed by Hyde. Poole was the butter of Jeklly and helped Utterson for the solve the secret by[ they couldnt understand anything by the way.] bring information about Jeklly`s situation at that moment and house. Carew was the man who murdered by Hyde. References : Dr. Jeklly and Mr. hyde [book]/2 www.Sparknotes.com/1

Event and Milieu :: Language Sociology Essays

Event and Milieu ABSTRACT: I consider how the notion of event is used in such important branches of twentieth-century thought as relativity, quantum mechanics, Marxist sociology and psychoanalysis. I show that in each case there is the same concept of event as of a series of communications. It is also shown that this new concept of event corresponds to traditional concepts of historical events. I analyze the difference between the concept of event and that of fact. Since a fact presupposes "an external observer" it is impossible to deal with an event without being involved in it. Since a fact presupposes its permanent logical form as a necessary condition of knowledge about it, any condition of knowledge about an event appears to be empirical itself. I show that the division between history and prehistory has the same basis as that between event and fact. The crucial question is how knowledge about an event is possible. The problem is that the concept of identity applicable to fact appears to be inap plicable to event. However, it appears possible to define an identity of event with an identity of media or "places" of communication. An open system of such "places" we call "milieu." A language is a paradigm for it. However, I suppose that unlike "the linguistic paradigm," the "paradigm of milieu" should refute the idea of the exceptional status of human language. The notion of event became to play a basic role in science with such revolutionary physical theories as relativity and quantum mechanics. Today the notion of event is widely applied also in synergetic. To make clear the importance of the notion of event for sociology and psychology of 20-th century it is enough to name such a key figures of the century as Marx and Freud. The notion of social even (revolution) is essential for Marxism as well as the notion of psychological event (child’s trauma) for Freud’s psychoanalysis. We cannot say that the notion of event was neglected by philosophers of our century: Heidegger and Deleuze among others presented elaborated concepts of event. These concepts (which can not be analyzed here) however do not relate directly to science nor to knowledge in general. What is an event as a matter of knowledge remains beyond considerations of these authors. To answer to the question is the first purpose of this paper. The second purpose of the paper is to elaborate a notion of environment or milieu that as it is shown below appears to be correlative to that of event.

Militarism: Iran & Nigeria Essay

Every state dreams of having stability and structure to properly govern and control its citizens. All states wish that they possessed such great structure, that every citizen of their country would be fully protected and looked after. However, there are some states that lack resources and are not capable to ensure the safety and well being of their citizens. Most states that offer solidity and organization more than likely have a strong military that have power within the government, referring to militarism. The concept of militarism states that it is â€Å"a strong military spirit or policy. [A] principle or policy of maintaining a large military establishment†[1]. Militarism goes beyond the thought of defense and battleship, it refers to the amount of power a military has over or with a government. With militarism comes the excessive spending on military and the military’s ability to have total control. Though is it important to have a strong relationship between military and the government, Nigeria and Iran have two separate ways of intertwining the two in their states. Nigeria is known for its strong military presence within the government. The degree of militarism in Nigeria is high because of their past history being under civilian rule. During the first forty years of Nigeria’s independence, this state only lasted ten years under a civilian government. A few years after the downfall of their civilian government, they soon fell under military rule. Nigeria has always been considered stronger and more power when they were controlled by their government, rather than following a democracy[2]; this exemplifies militarism. Although in Nigeria they tend to use their military to create a corruption within politics, other countries use their militaries for difference purposes. Iran has always had a mediocre military. Iran does not have a strong military, so their influence is of low impact on politics. The degree of militarism in Iran is subtle because they mostly focus on working with the citizens directly, rather than trying to govern them. With a broken military, all they have to offer is a societal impact. With the citizens of Iran, their military helps keep them in order while under governmental oversight. In Comparative Politics, it was stated, â€Å"since the Islamic Revolution in 1979, the Iranian government has worked hard to maintain control of the military. [†¦] Rather than a strong military and a weak civilian government, Iran had a weak and fractured military alongside a strong civilian political institutions†[3]. Iran has always worked to fall under autonomy and flourish into a well developed independent state. There becomes a time where the military begins to overrule their government and take matters into their own hands. Currently, a lot of Nigerian citizens are realizing what has been going on for the past forty years and are starting to take action. In Iran, they continue to be content with civilians to governing their state, while the military stay under governmental watch to ensure that they do not do anything crazy. Both countries are lesser-developed countries, but when it comes to militarism, it all depends on what they citizens wish to fall under. Having a high degree of militarism is not always a good thing to have because the military having a heavy involvement in politics and governance will not end well due to budgeting, defense, and a positive societal impact. When citizens live under the governance of people, rational decisions are made. When citizens live under the governance of the military, more than likely fear amongst each other arises.

Wild Beasts

A general life in demons as ambivalent spirits or aspects of God was an original part of Israel's theology which in later periods became separated into -?good spirits (angels) and evil spirits (demons). † (Anchor Bible Dictionary, Demons, p. 1) As history went on, the stories about these ambivalent spirits were embellished and evolved into tales of angels and demons. The language used to describe the demons is incredibly poetic and uses references to natural phenomenon. This context raises the issue of how poetic references to natural phenomena should be interpreted-?as literal references to the physical phenomena, as poetic humiliations or personifications, or as references to actual demons or deities. Translation in general of terms dealing with demons is problematic. Translations are influenced by many factors: philological evidence and trends, theology, and previous decisions regarding understandings of the term demon and proper ways to interpret each particular text.Identi fications and understandings of demons in the Old Testament are strongly influenced by the wider context within which demons are discussed; past contexts have included magic and witchcraft, popular religion, official patriotic rituals, poetic symbolism, and religious psychology. † (Anchor Bible Dictionary, Demons, p. 2) Since the words surrounding these spirits have so many references to nature, they were often associated with destruction and blamed for natural disaster. The most generally accepted understanding Is of demons as evil spirits who live In ruins and the desert and are responsible for Illness and natural disasters. † (Anchor Bible When I think of ruins, I think of destruction and decay. When I look at Gonzales demons, they look as If they themselves are crumbling and decomposing. He very destruction they are known to cause Is represented through their gruesome appearance.I feel that the aspect of nature Is represented In his organic use of the animal bones, t eeth, and horns. There are a few specific, annalistic demons that nave Eden place together tongue various texts Dye Interpreters: â€Å"wool Deadest, howling creatures, ostriches, hyenas, Jackals. (Longboat 1949: 41-43)† (Anchor Bible Dictionary, Demons, p. 2) The term â€Å"wild beasts† reminds me of those snarling devil heads, and I can't help but think Gonzalez was inspired by these annalistic demons himself.