Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Essay on Dementia Reminiscence Therapy and Montessori...

This essay is a comparative research study into the effectiveness and relevance of two interventions for people with dementia; Reminiscence Therapy and Montessori Method. The two methods will be analysed for their relevance and effectiveness, as well as comparing to discover their differences and similarities, with consideration to the supporting underlying psychology. In many ways the theories of Reminiscence and Montessori are about effecting the past into the here and now, which in essence is very existential in nature. Corey (2009, pp. 139-150) explains the concepts underpinning existentialism as our questioning of who am I, where am I going, what is life’s meaning, what should I be doing, and contemplating hopes and dreams. These†¦show more content†¦As Brooker (2007, pp. 24-26) discusses the benefits of supportive models that recognise the struggles of a person living with dementia and how it can impact their social standing and therefore relationships. In addition how the world of a person with cognitive impairment needs emotional and spiritual support, as well as sensory and creative support, to be encouraged and empowered to remain positively functioning and enjoying their relationships and their environments. With these complex concepts and needs in mind, the first theory for consideration is that of the Montessori Method (MM) as discussed by Camp (2010, pp.1-11) was first created by Montessori to work with children with learning disabilities. Camp further discusses how through his life’s journeys he began to apply MM to help people with dementia. Camp argued that the MM aligns well the principles of excellence in dementia care. Including supporting respect for the individual, via the provision of activities that are designed to give ordered structure, and empowered learning aimed at encouraging success. Through activities that are accessing motor learning and movement, designed with consideration towards culturally relevant and age respected learning with strong peer alignment. In addition, Camp suggests that the MM can work towards reducing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), by the use of structure

Monday, December 16, 2019

Aggression Theory Free Essays

Physical violence is one of the types of violence that may be clearly explained theory. Physical violence entails: â€Å"choking, grabbing, hitting, hitting with weapons or objects, kicking, obliging a person to do something involuntarily, pulling, punching, pushing, scratching, shoving, slapping, etc.†Ã‚   (Do. We will write a custom essay sample on Aggression Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now ., n.d.). Aggression Theory Explaining the Type of Violence Chosen Externally-stimulated Aggression is the school of Aggression Theory which can clearly explain physical violence. Externally-stimulated Aggression begins with the premise that aggression occurs because of â€Å"innate predispositions† as well as â€Å"external stimuli† (Smith, 1999). The external stimuli referred to here is technically known as â€Å"frustration† (Types, n.d.). Explaining further, let’s take the following example: Let’s look into my father’s motivation of fear, anxiety, and violence which all contributed largely to his â€Å"frustrations†. My father has always been a violent individual. He flares up over little â€Å"frustrations† like: 1) when mother asks how utility bills are going to be paid this time; 2) when my big brother complains about how small our house is; 3) when my little sister asks him to help get something at the top of the closet; 4) when I ask him not to hurt or yell at my mother etc. It all started when he resigned in 1983 as a city engineer and he puts up his own and went into private construction instead. This new business/job of his, however, is not helpful since it is irregular, unlike when he was working for the government where he receives a fixed monthly income. In fact, it is too irregular that he cannot even provide the family’s basic needs like food, school supplies, health insurance etc. Sometimes he has clients who would pay him to build their houses, swimming pools, renovate their homes, etc, however, most of the time he does not have anything to do, thus, most of the time he doesn’t have money. He gets â€Å"frustrated†, and depressed, then drinks, or proceeds to the casino to play poker and does not come home until early morning. He became an alcoholic, and he also became addicted to poker. He still gets contracts to build houses and other infrastructure projects but he only obliges to the most expensive ones. Because he is too picky, there were only a number of offers coming in then until no offers were coming in at all, which of course contributed largely to his â€Å"frustrations†. Even though large infrastructure projects were coming in then and the profits were a bit high, my father still cannot contribute to the family’s needs. This is because when he gets a contract, he tends to make a loan without even making sure if it is worth it. What happened was he earned but his debts were thrice his gains. He borrowed money from his friends but these were not enough to pay off everything. In the end, he was sued for bouncing checks. He was also sued by his friends. We lost some of our properties because of the aforementioned as well. Since then he became so â€Å"frustrated† and fearful, he would not come out of the room when he hears that some people knock over at our gate and then throws whatever he gets hold of, kicks whatever is available, or hit whomever is in the room with him. He feels that every time somebody comes over to visit, these people are either arresting officers who are going to invite him down to the police station for questioning or people whom he promised he’d pay back on that certain day. What he would do is to ask my mother to go outside and tell them he is not home (which makes me so scared since somebody might just hurt my mom for all her alibis or the people’s anger might be transferred to her and she would be the one to get hurt). This situation of ours became worse as days go by. He became so â€Å"frustrated† he would slap my mother when my mother refuses to give him money he would spend on poker, throw breakable things at us when he is too irritated with his problems, unleash his exceedingly big guard dogs inside the house to threaten us, and countless other violent acts. There are three basic conditions which bring forth anxiety (Franken, 1994). It could be: 1) Overstimulation, wherein information for a certain individual is overflowing; 2) Cognitive Incongruity, wherein an individual is having difficulty reconciling with some event; and 3) Response Unavailability, wherein a person does not know how to handle an excruciating situation (Franken, 1994). The three basic conditions aforementioned apply to my father. â€Å"Overstimulation† appears in this situation as the countless monetary problems which have too many details for him to handle. Cognitive Incongruity, on the other hand, emerges as the several cases with regards to bouncing checks and the debts he owes to other people. Response Unavailability, however, surfaces as the debts he incurs every time he gets infrastructure projects or every time he needs it. Instead of working hard and saving, his only recourse is to borrow money which causes his downfall. This only shows as well that he does not know how to handle a difficult situation which is what exactly termed as Response Unavailability. And this increases his anxiety and â€Å"frustrations†. Reduction or Elimination of Violence Fortunately, there are ways to reduce, if not totally eliminate violence as suggested by the Theory of Aggression utilized: It is important for my father, for example, to â€Å"focus on the other components of the frustrating stimulus than the frustration† (Dugan, 2004). Instead of losing control over the irrepressible and uncontainable occurrences or instead of believing that there is no way to solve the problem, he should be â€Å"self-certain† meaning not only knowing his strengths but both strengths and weaknesses since if that is the case then he would not be able to cope with any stressful incident in his life since a solution to a problem is only devised when he turns his anxiety into fear and then deal with the other components of the frustration that has been produced (Franken, 2004). References Do You Have A Problem With Violence? (n.d.). Retrieved September 8, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.daniel-sonkin.com/violence.html Dugan, M.A. (2004). Aggression. Retrieved September 8, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/aggression/ Franken, R. E. (1994). Human Motivation, 3rd ed. CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. Smith, A.K. (1999). Theories of Aggression. Retrieved September 8, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro99/web3/Smith.html Types of Aggression. (n.d.). Retrieved September 8, 2007 from http://209.85.165.104/search?q=cache:q5ApqUItbrcJ:psych.fullerton.edu/navarick/aggression.ppt+theories+of+aggressionhl=tlct=clnkcd=5gl=phclient=firefox-a How to cite Aggression Theory, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

The E-learning Activity Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: List the key Ideas you have extracted from the prescribed E-learning activity. Answers: Introduction Business strategy is the process of creating a plan in order to achieve an objective (Henry, 2011).Business model is the conceptualisation of the core architecture of all activities of business(Wikstrm, 2016). A good business model and proper strategy can help a business to create competitive advantage. Ideas generated from the e-learning activity week 3 Business strategy is a complex issue(Bamford West, 2012). Most business organisations confuse goals with business strategies. They formulate goals for example, to become a low cost provider and remain in misguided belief that they have formulated a strategy. Strategy can be considered as art of war where the goal is to win. Strategy is to bring out own strengths against the weaknesses of the competitor to win over the customer(Henry, 2011). For a strategy to succeed, various departments like marketing, sales and human resources have to work together. In strategy formulation the role of the managing director or the CEO is of chief importance. The CEO provides direction to strategic formulation through a vision(Hill Jones, 2012). It is the CEOs job to coordinate the whole organisation into a direction of achievement of strategy. A good strategy gives a clear and concise view of four key issues. These are the market base, the competitive advantage like differentiation, cost or image, resources at the disposal of the organisation and the capability to use them and sustenance of competitive advantage(Thompson, 2010). In addition to defining what the firm must do, a good strategy also formulates what the business should not do .Therefore, strategy is about planning the actions necessary to attain goals which are aimed at competitive advantage. Application of above ideas an organisation The four core issues of strategy formulation can be applied to a chosen organisation. For example, Dominos is one of the largest fast food pizza chains in the world(Domino's, 2017). Its objective is to give good quality pizza for low price. Growing in the business of fast food is another objective(Domino's, 2017). Consequently, based on these ideas a strategy can be formulated by answering the four key questions of creating a strategy. First key question is regarding the market base. Market for Dominos comprises of young students and professionals. The second key issue is the competitive advantage. Dominos has ruled the pizza market because of its unique master franchisee model. The firm has tied up with one restaurant chain in each region and created a master franchisee. The master franchisee has to work according to standard specified by Dominos and has to share a part of the profit with the firm(Domino's, 2017) . The third key issue is the resources and capability. Dominos has an excellent training methodology for its staff(Domino's, 2017). Additionally, it has a huge brand name and reputation which can help the firm in generating new customer base. Dominos needs to sustain its competitive advantage with marketing campaigns and customer service and it will be able to stay ahead of the competitors(Ferrel, 2012). Hence, a clear strategy for Dominos would include using its resources like brand name to serve the customer at lower cost through use of marketing in order to stay ahead of the competition. Ideas generates from e-learning activity week 4 The business world has seen many successful companies like Nokia failing as they failed to recognise the need for radical changes(Wikstrm, 2016).Current success need not mean future success. Innovation can lead to future success as it leads to higher customer value(DeFillippi, 2014). Innovation need not be a completely new idea. It can be creative adaptation. Big success in innovative business need not require big resources and innovation need not be based on technology; it can be based on business model(Wikstrm, 2016). Business modal innovation changes two of the four key issues of business. These issues are, target customer, product offered, value proposition and revenue generation(Wikstrm, 2016). Most business model innovations are creative adaptations of existing model. For example, many companies like HP adapted the razer and blade business model of Gillette where the main product was cheap but the refill was expensive(Gassmann, et al., 2014). Innovation in any industry can be b rought about by following four steps. In identification the current business model is assessed. Under this the four core issues stated above are identified. In ideation this business model is compared to other innovative business models. Under integration all four issue are assessed with the new business model chosen. Finally, the new business model is implemented after a pilot study(Gassmann, et al., 2014). Therefore, by undertaking an innovative business model a firm can tap new business opportunities. Application of above ideas to an organisation Adapting an innovative business model can help create new business opportunities and sustenance of a firm(Wikstrm, 2016). The concept of adaptive business model innovation can be applied to Marks and Spence (MS). MS is a UK based highly reputed apparels retail chain with stores across the globe(Marks Spencer, 2017) MS procures its products from suppliers and sells to the customers through traditional methods of retail stores (Marks Spencer, 2017). Its current business model is successful. The target is high end customers. The product offered is clothes of high quality. Value proposition is quality and revenue generated is high(Marks Spencer, 2017). However, current success need not mean future success and for sustained success a firm needs to tap new opportunities (Gassmann, et al., 2014). MS can creatively adapt the e-commerce business model of Dell and provide its products through online ordering(Dell, 2017). MS can use an adaptive version and use online channel but need not sel l made to order. This will increase the customer base of MS as many people now want to purchase from the comfort of their home(Wikstrm, 2016). Lower price can be added as a value proposition as this model cuts middle man costs. It can lead to high revenue generation due to increase in customer base(Wikstrm, 2016). MS is already a reputed brand name. Hence, if it adapts this new business model there are chances of long term sustenance. Conclusion A Good strategy can help a firm in creating customer value and competitive advantage. An innovative business model can help the firm in tapping new opportunities. Therefore, a firm needs to develop a sound strategy and a good business model. References Bamford, C. E. West, P. G., (2012) Strategic Management : value creation, sustanability, and performance. New York: Cengage Learning. DeFillippi, R., (2014) International Perspectives on Business Innovation and Disruption in the Creative Industries: Film, Video and Photography. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Dell, (2017) About Us. [Online] Available at: www.dell.com [Accessed 29 April 2017]. Domino's, (2017) About Us. [Online] Available at: https://www.dominos.com.au/ [Accessed 28 April 2017]. Ferrel, O., (2012) Marketing Strategy. New York: Cengage Learning. Gassmann, O., Karolin, F. Csik, M., (2014) The Business Model Navigator: 55 Models That Will Revolutionise Your Business. Londom: Pearson UK. Henry, A., (2011) Understanding Strategic Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hill, C. Jones, G., (2012) Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. New York: Cengage Learning. Marks Spencer, (2017) About us. [Online] Available at: www.marksandspencer.com/ [Accessed 15 March 2017]. Morabito, V., (2014) Trends and Challenges in Digital Business Innovation. New Tork: Springer Science Business Media,. Thompson, J. L., (2010) Strategic Management: Awareness Change. London: Cengage Learning EMEA. Wikstrm, P., (2016) Business Innovation and Disruption in the Music Industry. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.